Checklist “Plastering or cladding exterior walls”
Exterior wall finishing plays a key role not only in the aesthetics of a building, but also in its protection from external воздействия. Plastering and cladding are two main methods that differ both in technology and in the final result.
Choosing the finishing method
Plastering. Choose plastering if you want a smooth surface that can be painted or given a decorative texture (a pattern created on the surface). Plastering also provides additional protection of walls from moisture and wind. If your project is in Italy, it is important to consider local building laws (leggi edilizie) that regulate the choice of finishing materials, especially in historic zones. For example, for buildings protected as cultural heritage, it may be required to use plaster of a certain type or shade.
Cladding. Cladding materials such as natural stone, ceramic tiles, or facade panels give the facade a decorative and durable appearance. Cladding also increases thermal insulation and resistance to damage.
In Italy, especially in regions with historic development, cladding must comply with strict regulations so as not to violate the architectural style of the area. For example, the use of modern panels on ancient buildings may be prohibited, and natural stone may be preferred.
Important: Before choosing a finishing method, уточните whether materials and technologies comply with the requirements of your region and architectural restrictions.
Preparing walls for finishing
Cleaning the walls. Before starting work, clean the walls of грязь, dust, остатки of old paint or plaster. This will ensure even application of the finishing material and extend its service life. If mold or fungus is present, use special treatment products.
In Italy, when working with homes in protected zones, gentle cleaning methods may be prescribed to preserve original materials. For example, sandblasting (sabbiatura) may be allowed only under strict control.
Priming. Apply primer (a special compound that improves bonding between the wall and the finishing material) to the cleaned surface. This helps prevent plaster or cladding from peeling and ensures even distribution of the finishing layer.
For historic buildings in Italy, it is often required to use primers that match the original wall materials and do not нарушают their ability to “breathe” (allow moisture and air to pass). Pay attention to this, especially if the walls are made of porous stone or brick.
Tip: Make sure the walls are completely dry before applying primer to avoid adhesion (the ability of materials to bond) problems.
Applying plaster or installing cladding
Applying plaster. Evenly apply plaster to the walls using a шпатель (a tool with a flat metal blade for working with mortars) or special equipment for mechanical application. Start from the нижняя part of the wall and move upward to avoid material running.
After drying (usually 24–48 hours, depending on the composition), you can:
- Smooth the surface to achieve a smooth finish.
- Create a texture (patterns or relief) using brushes, sponges, or special tools.
If the building is in Italy, make sure the materials used comply with local regulations. For example, in historic zones it may be required to use lime plaster (intonaco a calce), which provides vapor permeability and compatibility with old masonry.
Installing cladding. When installing cladding materials such as tiles, natural stone, or facade panels, follow the manufacturer’s recommendations. This includes proper use of adhesives, sealants, and fixing elements.
Main stages:
- Check the evenness of the surface and level it if necessary.
- Start installation from the bottom row, using a level to check horizontality.
- Ensure uniform joints between elements using spacers.
- After installation, apply grout (a special mix for filling joints) to protect the structure from moisture.
In Italy, there may be requirements to use natural materials such as travertine (travertino) or sandstone, especially in regions with traditional architecture. It may also be necessary to coordinate color solutions and cladding types with local authorities.
Tip: For complex facades or large volumes of work, it is recommended to involve qualified specialists.
Instructions for using the guide “Inspection of the gutter system for tightness and efficiency”
- Read all steps in advance to understand the finishing process.
- Follow the points in order, starting with choosing the method and ending with installation.
- Check completion of each step, marking finished items.
- Consider local building regulations if the work is performed in specific regions, for example in Italy.
- If difficulties arise, contact professionals or study manufacturers’ instructions.
This checklist will help you organize the process and avoid mistakes.
