Step-by-Step Guide:
A Guide to Planning Stairs and Steps in a Prefabricated House

Step 1: Understanding the Basics of Stairs

What is a staircase?

A staircase is a structure that provides movement between building levels.
It consists of several elements: steps, risers, stringers (or side beams), railings, and handrails.

Main types of stairs:

Straight stairs: Run in a straight line from one level to another. Easy to design and build.
Spiral stairs: Have a helical shape and take up less space. Suitable for smaller rooms.
Stairs with intermediate landings: Include one or more horizontal platforms for resting.

Step 2: Exploring Stair Elements

Steps and Risers:

Steps: Horizontal surfaces that you step on when going up or down.
Risers: Vertical surfaces between steps.

Stringers and Side Beams:

Stringers: Inclined beams supporting the steps from below.
Side beams: Lateral elements to which steps and risers are attached.

Railings and Handrails:

Railings: Safety barriers that prevent falls.
Handrails: The upper part of the railing, used for support when climbing or descending.

Step 3: Determining Optimal Dimensions

Step height: Recommended height is 15–20 cm (6–8 inches) — the optimal range for comfort and safety.

Tread depth: Tread (step width) should be 25–30 cm (10–12 inches) to provide sufficient foot space.

Incline angle: The ideal stair angle is 30–35 degrees, ensuring comfortable ascent and descent.

Step 4: Compliance with Standards and Regulations

International and national standards:

Familiarize yourself with the current building codes and standards in your country — they regulate the dimensions and design of stairs.

Safety requirements:

The staircase must have railings and handrails, a non-slip surface, and adequate lighting.

Step 5: Choosing Materials

Wood: A traditional material that creates a warm and cozy atmosphere. Easy to work with and suits most interiors.

Metal: Strong and durable. Excellent for modern and industrial styles.

Concrete: Reliable and wear-resistant, ideal for minimalist and contemporary interiors.

Combined materials: Mixing wood, metal, and glass allows for unique and stylish designs.

Step 6: Design and Aesthetics

Architectural styles:

Classic: Elegant details and traditional forms.
Modern: Clean lines, minimalism, and functionality.
High-tech: Advanced materials and technological solutions.
Loft: Industrial aesthetics and open structures.
Eco-style: Natural materials and environmental friendliness.

Color schemes and decorative elements:

Choose colors that harmonize with your interior.
Add decorative touches — carpets, overlays, or lighting.

Step 7: Planning and Installation

Preparation:

Take accurate room measurements and plan the staircase accordingly.
Prepare all necessary materials and tools in advance.

Installation:

Follow the step-by-step instructions for the chosen staircase type.
Always observe safety measures during installation.

Maintenance and care:

Regularly check the condition of the stairs and perform technical maintenance.
Care for materials: clean wood, metal, and glass.
Plan timely repairs and replace worn elements.